Are you passionate about wildlife? Welcome to Eravikulam National Park! Nestled at the peaks of the Western Ghats in the Idukki district of Kerala, this park is famously known as the land of “Neelakurinji,” a flower that blooms only once every twelve years. The stunning park is home to the endangered Nilgiri Tahr, a wild mountain goat. It also features the highest peak south of the Himalayas, Anamudi, providing exceptional opportunities for trekking and wildlife spotting for nature lovers.
Specialties
Attention, wildlife enthusiasts! Here’s an exciting chance to witness a diverse range of flora and fauna at Eravikulam National Park!
Fauna
The park is abundant with Nilgiri Tahrs and other rare species such as the Nilgiri marten, ruddy mongoose, small-clawed otter, and dusky striped squirrel. It also serves as a natural habitat for elephants, tigers, Nilgiri langurs, leopards, sambar deer, wild dogs, jungle cats, golden jackals, porcupines, and Nilgiri wood pigeons, among others.
Flora
Marvel at the lush greenery surrounding you! The park features rolling grasslands and extensive patches of dense shola forests in its upper regions. A variety of plant species thrive here, including Microtropis ramiflora, Actinodaphne bourdilloni, Pittosporum tetraspermum, and Strobilanthes kunthiana (Neela Kurinji).
Flowers
Owing to the unique climatic conditions of the park’s shola grasslands, vibrant flowers flourish abundantly. Around 76 species of ferns and 727 flowering plants can be found here, including roses, balsams, wildflowers, and exotic orchids, such as the long-thought-extinct Brachycorythis wightii.
Neelakurinji
Every twelve years, the hills of Munnar transform into a brilliant blue spectacle as Neelakurinji blooms. This flower, scientifically known as Strobilanthes kunthiana, can be found in about 40 different varieties in Munnar, with the best viewing period from August to October. Tourist spots like Kovilur, Kadavari, Rajamala, and Eravikulam National Park offer stunning vistas of the blooming Neelakurinji flowers. During this season, specialized tours and treks are organized to take in this natural marvel, beloved by botanical enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
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Forest Cover
Discover the dense forest cover of the park! Grasslands and shola forests are the primary vegetation types within Eravikulam National Park. They are classified as Southern Montane Wet Temperate Forests. The western side of the park is covered by Southern West Coast Evergreen Forests, while Moist Deciduous Forests dominate the eastern side.
On the western end, the tropical evergreen forests feature tall trees, merging with the Anamudi Reserve Forest. Close to the Talliar estate on the eastern edge, there are small sections of deciduous forests, characterized by species such as Rosewood and Pterocarpus, with Lantana primarily dominating the undergrowth. Due to the microclimate of the region, deciduous and evergreen forests coexist with grasslands.
Animals
Experience the beauty of nature at Eravikulam National Park! This sanctuary houses a diverse range of animals that thrive harmoniously together. Factors such as the climate, vegetation, soil quality, and rainfall all play vital roles in supporting this wildlife. There are approximately 48 species of mammals in the park, including the Nilgiri Tahr and Nilgiri Marten, of which 17 are endemic to the Western Ghats. The park is also home to amphibians, birds, and butterflies.
Nilgiri Tahr
Here’s your chance to spot the Nilgiri Tahr at Eravikulam National Park! This endangered goat species thrives in the park, marked by its short, dark, coarse fur and distinctive mane. These goats are most likely to be seen grazing during the early morning and late afternoon.
Threats to the Nilgiri Tahr include habitat loss and poaching. Since Eravikulam National Park and the grasslands of Anamalai have the highest density and largest remaining population of Nilgiri Tahr, efforts for their conservation have been ongoing for many years.
Height
Eravikulam National Park is situated 7,000 feet above sea level, with Anamudi Peak towering at 2,695 meters.
Rivers
Ever thought about river rafting in Eravikulam National Park? The Chinnar and Pambar rivers flow through the park, supporting its ecological balance. Originating from Anamudi Hills, the Pambar river runs through Eravikulam National Park before merging with the Chinnar Sanctuary. The confluence takes place at Koottar, which ultimately drains into the Amaravathy reservoir in Tamil Nadu.
Waterfalls
Prepare to be captivated by the stunning Lakkam Waterfalls at Eravikulam National Park! The sight of crystal-clear water cascading forcefully down the rocks is nothing short of mesmerizing. Numerous trekking routes lead you to enjoy the scenic beauty of the Lakkam Waterfalls.
Conservation Efforts
Following the end of British rule, the Kanan Devan Hill Produce Company took over the area for tea plantations. In 1971, the Kerala government established a reserve for the conservation of the Nilgiri Tahr. Subsequently, in 1975, it was named Eravikulam Rajamalai Wildlife Sanctuary and was upgraded to a national park in 1978.
Vegetation
Eravikulam National Park features three distinct plant communities:
- Grasslands: Covering over 60% of the park’s area, they are predominantly composed of wild grasses interspersed with scattered trees.
- Shola Forest: Making up about 20 to 25% of the area, this region consists of patches of tropical Montane forests.
- Shrublands: The remainder includes scrublands, rocky cliffs, and small sections of Southern Tropical Hill Forests.
The Eravikulam Park region hosts nearly 300 species of grasses, around 22 species of bryophytes (mosses), about 12 species of pteridophytes (vascular plants), and over 100 species of fungi.
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History
Once known as Rajamalai National Park, this area served as a hunting preserve for British planters. After coming under the Kannan Devan Hills Produce Company for tea cultivation, the government established Eravikulam Rajamalai Wildlife Sanctuary in 1975 to protect the indigenous Nilgiri Tahr population, eventually designating it as a national park in 1978.
Location
Eravikulam National Park is the first national park in Kerala, located approximately 15 km from Munnar city center.
Weather
Eravikulam National Park experiences a typical tropical montane climate, with the Anamudi Peak area receiving more rainfall than other parts of the park.
Temperature & Climatic Conditions
Summer: The summer extends from March to May, with temperatures ranging from 16 to 43 degrees Celsius. During this period, rivers dwindle to puddles. Summer is ideal for spotting animals and birds that frequent water sources.
Monsoon: From June to August, the park receives significant rainfall due to the southwestern monsoon. The lush greenery flourishes during this time, but the park may close during peak rains. Temperatures range from 28 to 37 degrees Celsius.
Winter: Winter lasts from October to February, with temperatures between 9 and 23 degrees Celsius. Early and late winter is the best time to observe Nilgiri Tahrs with their young.
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Best Season to Visit Eravikulam National Park
The ideal times to visit Eravikulam Park are from September to November and from April to June. The park remains closed during heavy rains and from February to March, which is the mating season for the Nilgiri Tahr.
Rajamalai National Park
National Park in Munnar
Relax in the peaceful surroundings of Rajamalai National Park! This protected area in the Western Ghats of Kerala spans approximately 97 sq. km and is home to diverse flora and fauna, renowned for its rich biodiversity. It attracts nature enthusiasts and wildlife photographers.
Rajamalai is noted for its high populations of endangered species like the Nilgiri Tahr, as well as elephants, gaurs, langurs, sambar deer, and Indian bison. Birdwatchers can also enjoy a variety of bird species. Trekking to the peak allows visitors to explore the park’s stunning landscapes. The optimal time to visit is between September and February.
Eravikulam National Park Nature Camp
Here’s an excellent opportunity to connect with nature! The Forest Department organizes Nature Education Camps at Eravikulam National Park for youth, accommodating around thirty students at a time. This three-day camp offers students a firsthand wilderness experience to raise awareness of the importance of preserving nature. Monitored by environmental experts, participants enjoy trekking programs and field visits.
Interesting Facts
- Eravikulam National Park is recognized for housing the largest population of the endangered Nilgiri Tahr (mountain goat).
- The park is home to Neelakurinji flowers that bloom only once every 12 years.
- Anamudi Peak, at 2695m, is the highest peak in the Indian peninsula and is located in Eravikulam National Park.
- The area is rich in medicinal plants, such as Drosera peltata and wild varieties of cultivated plants like Piper schmidtii and Elettaria cardamomum.
- Eravikulam Park serves as a crucial hub for conservation education, precipitation management, and research monitoring.
- The park is part of the largest conservation landscapes in the Western Ghats region, along with Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary, Pampadum Shola National Park, Kurinjimala Sanctuary, Anamudi Shola National Park, and Anamalai Tiger Reserve.
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Opening & Closing Times
The park is closed from February 1st to April 1st to ensure a safe calving season.
Entry Fees
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Activities in Eravikulam National Park
Safari
Venture into the wilderness with a thrilling wildlife safari at Eravikulam National Park! It’s an opportunity for unforgettable memories. Safari rides are facilitated by forest department vehicles, and tickets can be booked online. Only a limited number of tickets are sold daily to help maintain the park’s environment. Note that access to certain areas may be restricted during specific seasons.
During the safari, you’ll have the chance to observe the diverse flora and fauna, which include around 132 species of birds, exotic animals, wild butterflies, and, of course, the endangered Nilgiri Tahr. The majestic Lakkam Waterfalls is also a highlight of the safari.
Safari Timings & Fees
- The park is open every day. Safari operations run from 8:30 AM to 4 PM.
- A complete safari typically lasts 2-3 hours.
Trekking
Gear up for adventure! Experience thrilling trekking opportunities that are offered at Eravikulam National Park. A variety of trekking programs are available for adventure seekers, including two-day treks along the Gouldsbury trail. The Kurunji trail is highly recommended, but make sure to pre-book for this trek.
Private vehicles are not permitted deep within the park; exploring on foot is the only way to enjoy the trails fully. Along the trek, you might catch glimpses of exotic flora and wildlife. Please be mindful of the guidelines enforced by park authorities for your safety. Trekking trails range from 1.5 to 2 km and typically take around three hours to complete. Activities may be suspended due to extreme weather, epidemics, or natural calamities.
Nearest Tourist Places to Eravikulam National Park
Munnar
Ideal for honeymooners, adventure seekers, and nature lovers, Munnar is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, salubrious climate, and sprawling tea and cardamom plantations. It’s just a 45-minute drive from the national park.
Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary
Explore this biodiversity hotspot nestled in the Nilgiri Mountains! Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary is home to over 580 species of wildlife, including 34 species of mammals and 29 species of snakes, all spread across 90.44 sq km.
Idukki
Experience the scenic beauty of Idukki, known for its hill stations, waterfalls, spice plantations, wonderful weather, and captivating views. It is home to the famous Idukki Arch Dam, one of the largest arch dams in Asia, as well as Periyar National Park.
Thattekad Bird Sanctuary
Bird lovers will enjoy a visit to Thattekad Bird Sanctuary, a favored spot for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts. Located near Eravikulam National Park and covering an area of 25 sq km, this sanctuary is home to more than 280 species of birds, including a mix of rare and domestic species.
Vagamon
Visit Vagamon, a picturesque hill station perfect for romantic getaways! Situated on the border of Kottayam and Idukki districts in Kerala, Vagamon is renowned for its scenic landscapes, lush hills, meandering streams, waterfalls, and dense pine forests. It’s also a popular destination for adventure sports like paragliding and trekking.
Read More: Vagamon
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Nearby Attractions of Eravikulam National Park
Anamudi Peak
Embark on an expedition to Anamudi Peak, the crowning jewel of Eravikulam National Park! At 2695 m, this peak hosts a rich variety of flora and fauna, serving as the habitat for endangered species like Nilgiri langurs, leopards, tigers, and macaques. Trekking along the hills is a popular pursuit among visitors.
Atukkad Waterfalls
Don’t miss this stunning waterfall, situated just 2 km from Munnar. Surrounded by lush vegetation, this picturesque site is favored by nature lovers. Coming in at 1000 meters high, the falls become shrouded in mist and exhibit vibrant seasonal flowers during the monsoon.
Echo Point
A fantastic spot for trekking and nature walks! Located 15 km from Eravikulam National Park, Echo Point captivates visitors with the fascinating effect of their voice echoing back through the valley. Enjoy breathtaking panoramic views of the area, the misty hills, and the refreshing mountain breezes.
Read More: Discover the Enchanting Echo Point in Munnar
Lakkam Waterfalls
A wonderful destination for a fun family picnic! The Lakkam Waterfalls, located 25 km from Munnar towards Udumalaipettai, are one of the park’s most beautiful features. The serene surroundings make it perfect for relaxation, and there’s a fresh-water pond ideal for swimming beneath the falls. The stunning green hills and views contribute to the charm of the area.
Entry Timings: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
Entry Fee: Rs. 20 per person.
Rose Garden
A must-visit while heading to Eravikulam National Park! This famed Rose Garden is located about 2 km from Munnar, where visitors can admire a dazzling array of roses in different colors and sizes, as well as other flowering plants shaped into animal figures.
Read More: Discover the Beauty of Rose Garden in Munnar
How to Reach
- By Air: Trivandrum and Coimbatore are the nearest airports to Eravikulam National Park. Taxis from Blue Bird Travels are available from the airports to the park.
- By Train: Aluva is the nearest railway station, situated 120 km away. You can hire a cab from Blue Bird Travels at the station to reach the park.
- By Road: The park is well-connected by road to major towns in South India, with numerous bus services available. Driving is one of the best ways to reach Eravikulam National Park; consider taking a fun road trip with friends and family in a Blue Bird Travels taxi.
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Stay Near Eravikulam National Park
Popular Questions
What can I do in Eravikulam National Park?
You can engage in hiking, wildlife viewing, and witness the endangered Nilgiri Tahr along with breathtaking landscapes.
Is Eravikulam National Park worth visiting?
A visit is certainly worthwhile if you’re keen to experience the natural beauty and biodiversity of Kerala. It is also recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
How many days are sufficient to visit Munnar?
Munnar has numerous attractions! Three days are typically enough to explore all that Munnar has to offer.
What is Munnar famous for?
Munnar is renowned for the endangered Nilgiri Tahr and the Neelakurinji flowers, which bloom every 12 years.
What can I see in Munnar over three days?
You can explore tea plantations, trek to the Top Station viewpoint, visit Eravikulam National Park, and see the Mattupetty Dam and Kundala Lake.
Where is Eravikulam National Park located?
The park is situated in the Western Ghats, spanning the Idukki and Ernakulam districts of Kerala, India.
What is the distance between Eravikulam National Park and Munnar?
The distance from Eravikulam National Park to Munnar is approximately 15 km.
What is the closure period for Eravikulam National Park?
The park is closed to visitors from the end of January until the 31st of March to ensure the safe calving of parent Nilgiri Tahr.
What is the best time to visit Eravikulam National Park?
The ideal time to visit the park is from September to February.
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